Business Expenses:
Business expenses are the cost of carrying on a trade or business. These expenses are usually deductible if the business is operated to make a profit. What Can I Deduct? To be deductible, a business expense must be both ordinary and necessary. An ordinary expense is one that is common and accepted in your trade or business. A necessary expense is one that is helpful and appropriate for your trade or business. An expense does not have to be indispensable to be considered necessary.
It is important to separate business expenses from the following expenses:
The expenses used to figure the cost of goods sold, Capital Expenses, and Personal Expenses. Cost of Goods Sold If your business manufactures products or purchases them for resale, you generally must value inventory at the beginning and end of each tax year to determine your cost of goods sold. Some of your expenses may be included in figuring the cost of goods sold. Cost of goods sold is deducted from your gross receipts to figure your gross profit for the year. If you include an expense in the cost of goods sold, you cannot deduct it again as a business expense. The following are types of expenses that go into figuring the cost of goods sold.
The cost of product or raw materials, including freight Storage Direct labor costs (including contributions to pensions or annuity plans) for workers who produce the products Factory overhead Under the uniform capitalization rules, you must capitalize the direct costs and part of the indirect costs for certain production or resale activities.Indirect costs include rent, interest, taxes, storage, purchasing, processing, repackaging, handling, and administrative costs. This rule does not apply to personal property you acquire for resale if your average annual gross receipts (or those of your predecessor) for the preceding 3 tax years are not more than $10 million.
Capital Expenses:
Capital Expenses You must capitalize, rather than deduct, some costs. These costs are a part of your investment in your business and are called capital expenses. Capital expenses are considered assets in your business.There are, in general, three types of costs you capitalize.
Business start-up cost (See the note below) Business assets Improvements Note:
You can elect to deduct or amortize certain business start-up costs. Personal versus Business Expenses Generally, you cannot deduct personal, living, or family expenses. However, if you have an expense for something that is used partly for business and partly for personal purposes, divide the total cost between the business and personal parts. You can deduct the business part.
For example:
If you borrow money and use 70% of it for business and the other 30% for a family vacation, you can deduct 70% of the interest as a business expense. The remaining 30% is personal interest and is not deductible. Business Expenses, for information on deducting interest and the allocation rules.
